This book invites readers on a sweeping and intimate journey through the history of the Tamil Muslims, tracing their story from the heart of India to their enduring presence in Malaysia. It vividly evokes the age when this enterprising community—known as the Chulias—set sail across the restless waters of the Bay of Bengal, guided by monsoon winds and unshakable resolve. Upon reaching the shores of the Straits of Malacca, they brought with them not only goods for trade, but faith, intellect, and a deep reverence for literature that would take root far from home.
Through rich historical detail, the book delves into their origins and evolving identity, illuminating their culture, livelihoods, beliefs, and remarkable economic vitality. It pays particular attention to pivotal moments in history, especially the socio-economic upheavals of the Japanese occupation, during which resilience and perseverance became the community’s defining strengths. The enduring success of their enterprises stands as a testament to their discipline, dedication, and tireless work ethic.
Over generations, the Tamil Muslims have woven themselves into the broader social fabric, embracing the Malay language and cultural traditions while preserving the essence of their heritage. This is a story of movement and memory, of adaptation without erasure—a compelling chronicle of a community that crossed oceans and centuries, leaving an indelible mark on the region they came to call home.
“The Tamil Muslim were not just traders, but also shipbuilders,
a skill that contributed to the economic growth of the ports.
They built ships not only for themselves but also for
the British and clients in other countries.”
– Fernand Braudel, historian
Contents
CHAPTER 1 Chulias of the Coromandel Coast
CHAPTER 2 Early Kuala Lumpur
CHAPTER 3 Period of Rebuilding
CHAPTER 4 The Japanese Occupation
CHAPTER 5 Securing Additional Land
CHAPTER 6 Reaching Agreement
CHAPTER 7 Embarking on a Modern Era
CHAPTER 8 Indian Muslim Association (Selangor)
CHAPTER 9 Early Indian Muslim Traders
CHAPTER 10 Merchants of Jalan Masjid India and Others
CHAPTER 11 Maritime Merchants
CHAPTER 12 Trade Organisations
CHAPTER 13 Social and Missionary Organisations
CHAPTER 14 The Khilafat Movement and Indian Muslims
CHAPTER 15 Print Culture of the Indian Muslims
